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Pregnancy and heart disease

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Maternal heart disease has emerged as a major threat to safe motherhood and women`s long-term cardiovascular health. In the United States, disease and dysfunction of the heart and vascular system as “cardiovascular disease” is now the leading cause of death in pregnant women and women in the postpartum period accounting for 4.23 deaths per 100,000 live births, a rate almost twice that of the United Kingdom. The most recent data indicate that cardiovascular diseases constitute 26.5% of U.S. pregnancy-related deaths. Of further concern are the disparities in cardiovascular disease outcomes, with higher rates of morbidity and mortality among nonwhite and lower-income women. Contributing factors include barriers to pre-pregnancy cardiovascular disease assessment, missed opportunities to identify cardiovascular disease risk factors during prenatal care, gaps in high-risk intrapartum care, and delays in recognition of cardiovascular disease symptoms during the puerperium. The purpose of this...
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Association Between Menstrual Cycle Length and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination.

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To assess whether vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with changes in cycle or menstrual length in vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated cohorts. We used the Natural Cycles application to analyze the positively recorded menstrual cycle data. US citizens aged 18-45 years, 3 consecutive cycles before the first vaccination (cycles 4-6), or a normal cycle length of 6 cycles (24-38 days) if not vaccinated there is. Period Included period. Averages within individual variations in cycle and menstrual length were calculated (3 cycles before vaccination vs. the first and second dosing cycles of the vaccinated cohort, and the first 3 cycles vs. the non-vaccinated cohort. Cycles 4 and 5). A mixed-effects model was used to estimate adjusted differences in cycle and menstrual length changes between vaccinated and non-vaccinated cohorts. We included 3,959 subjects (2,403 vaccinated; 1,556 unvaccinated). The majority of the vaccinated cohorts received the PfizerBioN...
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Neutralizing antibodies and cytokines in breast milk after mRNA vaccination against 2019 coronavirus infection (COVID19).

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Evaluation of immune response to mRNA-based vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) present in breast milk and transmission of immune response to breast-fed infants We enrolled 30 lactating women who received mRNAbased COVID19 vaccines from January through April 2021 in this cohort study. Women provided serial milk samples, including milk expressed before vaccination, across 2–3 weeks after the first dose, and across 3 weeks after the second dose. Women provided their blood, spotted on cards (dried blood spots), 19 days after the first dose and 21 days after the second dose. Stool samples from the breastfed infants were collected 21 days after mothers second vaccination. Prepandemic samples of milk, dried blood spots, and infant stool were used as controls. Milk, dry blood stains, and baby stools were tested for receptor-binding domain (RBD) -specific immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG using enzyme immunoassays. Milk samples were tested for the presence of neutralizing antibodies...
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Management of Stillbirth

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Stillbirth is one of the maximum not unusualplace destructive being pregnant outcomes, happening in 1 in a hundred and sixty deliveries with inside the United States. In evolved countries, the maximum everyday threat elements related to stillbirth are non-Hispanic black race, nulliparity, superior maternal age, obesity, preexisting diabetes, persistent hypertension, smoking, alcohol use, having a being pregnant the usage of assisted reproductive technology, a couple of gestation, male fetal sex, single status, and beyond obstetric history. Although a number of those elements can be modifiable ( together with smoking), many are not. The have a look at of particular reasons of stillbirth has been hampered via way of means of the dearth of uniform protocols to assess and classify stillbirths and via way of means of reducing post-mortem rates. In any particular case, it is able to be hard to assign an exact motive to a stillbirth. A considerable sha...
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Relationship Between Umbilical Cord Gas Values and Neonatal Outcomes

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Assess the relationship between the umbilical cord gas value and fetal delivery tolerance, as reflected by the Apgar score. We assume that there is a wide range of biological variability in fetal tolerance to metabolic acidemia. If it exists, this will weaken a basic hypothesis using electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of single, non-abnormal term fetuses born at our institution from March 2012 to July 2020. The commonly obtained umbilical cord gas value and Apgar score were extracted. We calculated Spearman's correlation coefficients and receptor operating characteristic curves for different umbilical artery pH levels, excess alkali, and Apgar score. We analyzed data from 29,787 deliveries. In all subgroups of the pH range (range 0.064-0.213), the statistical correlation between umbilical artery pH and a lkali overdose and Apgar score between 1 minute and 5 minutes was weak or non-existent. Th...
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Women's Experience of Their First Sexual Encounter After Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery

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  This qualitative study recruited women who planned to undergo POP or UI surgery and who identified themselves as sexually active. Routine consultations on restorative activities will be provided 4 to 6 weeks after the operation. Participants completed the interview 2 to 4 months after the operation. The interview is recorded, identified and transcribed.Two independent researchers coded transcripts for the main topics; differences were arbitrated by the investigation team. Use Dedoose software for analysis. Twenty patients with an average age of 52.4 years participated in the study. The majority claimed to be white (85%), a quarter had a history of hysterectomy, and 15% had undergone previous pelvic reconstruction surgery. Nineteen (95%) patients resumed sexual intercourse 2-4 months after surgery. Major themes such as external influences, conflicting emotions, uncertainty, sexual change and stability, normalization, a nd self-image have reach...
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Variant PNLDC1, Defective piRNA Processing, and Azoospermia

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  P-element– precipitated wimpy testis (PIWI)–interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are short (21to 35 nucleotides in length) and noncoding and are observed nearly solely in germ cells, in which they adjust aberrant expression of transposable factors and post meiotic gene expression. Critical to the processing of piRNAs is the protein poly(A)- precise RNase-like area containing 1 (PNLDC1), which trims their 3′ ends and, whilst disrupted in mice, reasons azoospermia and male infertility. We carried out exome sequencing on DNA samples from 924 guys who had obtained an analysis of nonobstructive azoospermia. Testicular-biopsysamples have been analyzed through histologic, immunohistochemical hybridization, reverse-transcriptase–quantitative-polymerase-chain- response assay, and small-RNA sequencing Four unrelated guys of Middle Eastern descent who had nonobstructive azoospermia have been discovered to hold mutations in PNLDC1: the primary affected person had a biallelic stop–ad...
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